Manisa Turkish - Descriptive Site MapAverage length of each of these files for printing is 2 or 3 sheets of A4 Paper - but one or two are longer.
About this Website
Home PageAbout the Author and about learning Turkish
About TurkishA short discussion on the structure of Turkish and its differences from English.
Notes on Visiting TurkeyAbout money, mobile telephones, eating out and a little about Istanbul
A tour of IzmirSome of the interesting places and sites to visit in and around Izmir, Efesus amd Bergama, and recipe.
Turkish Sound Files(MP3) Sound Files - The sound of Turkish - the eight vowel sounds, some of their differing consonant sounds and a few words in universal use.
A Starting Point about Turkish
The Turkish AlphabetDescribes the Alphabet and lists the main differences from English
Turkish NounsDescribes the differing formation of Turkish Nouns and how to recognize diminutives atc.
About Articles and GenderAbout Gender in Turkish and about the Definite and Indefinite Articles
About Adjectives (1)About adjectives and their usage, position, and formation in Turkish.
About Adjectives (2)The Comparison and Superlatives forms of Adjectives . Also about Further Shades of Degree
Intensified AdjectivesLists Intensified Adjectives - green - bright green, slow - very slow, another - quite something else, etc..
The Personal PronounsAbout I, you, he, we, etc- and their extended forms, to me, from you, on it, your our, etc..
Possessive AdjectivesAbout the Possessive Adjective.- my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their and their use suffixed to nouns.
The Possessive RelationshipWhat belongs to who? - The hair(s) of the dog(s), the door's handle(s) and the like - with extended forms explained.
Other Forms of the Possessive RelationshipDefinite and indefinite possessive compounds together with idiomatic and demonstrative forms explained.
The Grammar Basics
Vowel HarmonyAbout Vowel Harmony and forming the plural.- Vowel Harmony for A and E
Consonant MutationConsonant Changes to preserve correct pronunciation..- (T-D, K-Ğ, C-Ç etc)
The Main SuffixesAbout the little important words- of, in, on, at, from and to etc
Demonstrative PronounsHow demonstratives are formed.. -this - these, that - those and that - those yonder- and all their extended forms - of this, to that, from these, with those etc..
About Buffer LettersUsing buffer letters with Personal Pronouns.- I, you, we, my, your, his, this, that, those, etc.
Spatials
Demonstrative AdjectivesHow to say- This, that, these, those- and their extended forms - from this, to that, with those, in these etc..
Basic SpatialsHow to say - Here.. and There..- and their extended forms - from here, to there, in here, in there etc.. with examples.
Extended SpatialsHow to say - Right here.. and Just over there.. etc - with examples.
Lost in SpaceHow to say - Behind.. In front of.. At the side of.. From the back of.. On top of.. etc - with examples.
In the Beginning.. Conversational Items..
Who are you..How to address strangers and friends or envelopes. Common daily greetings.
About - "buyurun"About the ubiquitous - buyurun..- Would you please...
About Var and YokHow to say- I have got a .., there is.. there isn't
Expressing PreferenceHow to say-I like it .., Do you like it..? etc.
Much too muchHow to say..- Too much.. Too many.... etc.
Weekdays, Months and SeasonsThe names of the weekdays, months and seasons.-Also about the weather.. and also how to count in Turkish - Turkish Numbers
The ColoursThe colour names in Turkish and their Intensified Forms.- Pitch Black, Snow white, Deep Red etc..
Saying thanksHow to say thank you in Turkish- showing its many forms and when and where to use each type of thank you phrase...
Turkish Verbs and Tenses
The InfinitiveNegative and Positive and its Uses - to swim .. to be cut.. not to come.. not to be able to do.. etc - The infinitive is the name of a verb and as such is a declineable noun..
The Verb "to be"Positive - Formation of the Present and Past of the Compliment - to be -It is big, It was big, We are rich, They are old ..etc..
The Verb - "not to be"Negative - Formation of the Present and Past of the Compliment - not to be- It is not big, It was not big, We are not rich, They are not old ..etc..
Present ContinuousForming the Present Continuous Tense - I am looking.. I am not looking.. - Also used as the Future of Intention as in English. - I am going to look.. I am not going to look..
Wide Tense PositiveThe uses of the Simple Present Positive (Wide Tense (Geniş Zaman) Tense for habitual and ongoing situations.-I swim every day..
Wide Tense NegativeThe uses of the Simple Present Negative (Wide Tense (Geniş Zaman) Tense for habitual and ongoing situations.- I don't like ice cream..
The Future TenseThe Formation of the Positive and Negative Tenses of all Verbs and the Compliment - "to be" - I will go.. - I will not go.. I will be rich.. It will be good..
The Past TenseThe Past Tenses in Turkish - Here we describe formation and usage of the Past Perfect and Past Imperfect together with the Simple Past and Future Past Tenses... and we note that the the Past Tense Sign in Turkish is characterized by the Voiced letter -d- or its UnVoiced Equivalent -t-..
The Inferential TenseThe Tense of Hearsay - - It seems that.. - Used lot in Turkish, so it is important.- Also called the -miş tense as it formed with this suffix..
The Conditional TenseForming conditions..- How to say - If .. If ever.. Unless.. Whenever.. Whatever..
More Advanced Details of Verb Forms
The ImperativeHow to give orders and advice in all differing levels of strength.
The PassiveFormation of the Passive Mood and explanation of its use.
The CausativeFormation of the Causative Mood and explanation of its use. How to get someone to do something..
The Co-operativeFormation of the Co-operative Mood and explanation of its use. The verb form to use when things are done in concert or together [for or against]..- "To kiss someone, to fight each other.." - are examples of the co-operative form of verb..
The SubjunctiveFormation of the Subjunctive Mood and explanation of its use in wishes and desire.
The NecessitativeFormation of the Necessitative Mood and explanation of its use.- How Turkish says - should do.. ought to.. have got to.. must do..
The Potential Mood - PositiveThe formation of - Can , may and might, to be able to...- "I can do it!"
The Potential Mood - NegativeThe formation of - Can not, may not, might not, to be unable to...- "I can't do it!"
Turkish Auxiliary VerbsA list of auxiliary verbs in Turkish. A helping verb which affects the main verb if a sentence - especially used with Arabic and foreign loan words.
Adverbial Clauses and Participles
Adverbial Clauses ExplainedAn explanation in English of Adverbial Clauses- Who did what where and when.
Subject ParticiplesHow to say in Turkish- Who did what where and when.
Object ParticiplesHow to say in Turkish..- What to do or was done where and why?
Simple ParticiplesDifference in meaning from Subject Participle. - Unbelievable! Unused! Not available! etc..
Time ClausesSome examples of Time Clauses- When.., On doing.., Just as.. etc.
While..How to say - While... Having done... Just about to.. etc. - using - iken
All about the particle - kiAbout the Persian - ki - as a conjunction: that, so that, as, but what, but - and as pronoun: who, that, which - and as an idiom: so that - With many examples of usage of this difficult subject.
Street Turkish
Talking Street TurkishConversational expressions and daily Turkish talk - from cursing to showing gratitude and Invocation of the Deity... - Also The basic hand signs used in daily body language with illustrations..
Daily Conversational LocutionsHow to say - "Its up to me.., All right.., As a rule.. ect." - and many more interjections in daily use - in fact a list containing 192 of them... - Expand your vocabulary easily when you learn these conversational shortcuts..
Street Signs - in Pictures
Some Turkish Street SignsSome public signs we may see in Turkey - explained and translated
Signs about SchoolSome more street signs explained
The Manisa Spor Kebab HouseThe Brochure of famous kebab house in Manisa - where I learned a lot of my Turkish.
The Turkish Milk Pudding ShopA way of life in Turkey - a visit to the Milk pudding Shop
Going to the Doctor?Doctors, Clinics and Insurance signs explained..
Toilet TalkSome words and pictures about toilets, Turkish style. This page is written in the interests of learning Turkish, nothing particularly offensive really...
Some Public SignsSome public advisory signs explained.
Turkish from a Turkish point of View
Turkish GrammarFrom Turkish - An explanation of Turkish Grammar rules from a Turkish point of view
Turkish Vowel HarmonyFrom Turkish - An explanation of Turkish Vowel Harmony rules from a Turkish point of view
İsim - NounsExplains the formation and use of Simple and Derived Nouns and their Condition - In both Turkish and English translation
İsim TamlamalarıCompounds - Explains the formation and use of Compound Nouns and the Completion and Derived Nouns - In both Turkish and English translation
Zamir - PronounsExplains the formation and use of Personal and Suffixed Pronouns - In both Turkish and English translation
Sıfat - AdjectivesExplains the formation and use of Adjectives and their Completion - In both Turkish and English translation
Ekler - SuffixesExplains the use of suffixes with nouns to show Noun Condition - In both Turkish and English translation
Fiilkipi - TensesListing the Main tense sand their Person - In both Turkish and English translation
OKS Turkish Exam. 01OKS - High School Entrance Exam. - Some actual Turkish High School entrance examination papers. These are not translated into English or any answers given. Really, answering them correctly is not important. However, for our intermediate learners they provide good practice in reading and comprehension in written Turkish, but if you can answer the questions, then then your Turkish is improving.. - Thank you to Edu. Eğitim for publishing these papers which are reproduced annually in the Turkish press after the examinations have taken place.
OKS Turkish Exam. 02OKS - High Scool Entrance Exam. - Ortaöğretim Kurumları Giriş Sınavı - 2001
OKS Turkish Exam. 03OKS - High Scool Entrance Exam. - Ortaöğretim Kurumları Giriş Sınavı - 2000
OKS Turkish Exam. 04OKS - High Scool Entrance Exam. - Ortaöğretim Kurumları Giriş Sınavı - 1999
OKS Turkish Exam. 05OKS - High Scool Entrance Exam. - Ortaöğretim Kurumları Giriş Sınavı - 2004
OKS Social Exam. 01Social Knowledge Test - Sosyal Bilgiler Testine geçiniz - 1999
OKS Social Exam. 02Social Knowledge Test - Sosyal Bilgiler Testine geçiniz - 2000
OSS University Exam.ÖSS University Entrance Exam (Turkish) - Ögrenci Seçme Sınavı - 2006
Advanced Section
Beginners' CornerQuestions and their answers on all the basic topics of Turkish Grammar, Vowel Harmony, Consonant Mutation, and all of the well used tenses.
For Intermediate LearnersA number of High School and University Exam. papers used in 2007. There files are in PDF form for viewing or downloading. The subjects include Turkish, Science, Mathematics and Social Science. - It does not matter if you know the answers or not, just looking and working at these papers will improve your understanding and grasp of Turkish..
Some Turkish JokesA lot of jokes in Turkish here gleaned from the web, some in dialect. Manisa Turkish has translated the first one only. We will publish and credit you if you wish to send us you translation of any of the jokes. Our Turkish readers are also invited to send us their English versions as English is not their own first language..
Polis AdviceA policeman's life is not a happy one! - Some ideas on how to translate daily Turkish
A Turkish Motor Inusrance PolicyA Comprehensive Motor Insurance Policy - Kasko - in Turkish, with translation and annotation in English. Showing that with a bit of practice you can understand official documents.
The Glossaries
The 24 Irregular VerbsA list of about 24 verbs which are sightly irregular in the Wide Tense (Geniş Zaman) Tense only - Many of these are common daily verbs, and these forms should be committed to memory.
FAQ's about Turkish grammarThe questions and answers from some of our fellow language learners and a quick reference of Turkish grammar points - such as Vowel Harmony and Consonant Mutation and more...
Daily Conversational itemsMore about greetings, directions, and understanding - all in "Street Turkish" type language.
Frequently Used WordsAn Alphabetical list (1100 Words) which are in daily constant use as researched by an American University. - Why don't you widen your vocabulary...
Apocopating Noun ListA list of about 60 nouns which lose their final vowel. Many of these are common daily words.
Turkish Single syllable VerbsA comprehensive list of Turkish Single Syllable Verbs (177 Verbs). Many Turkish verbs roots are very short - due to the length of the suffixes to be added for mood, tense and person. - If you can learn all these then your vocabulary suddenly got wider!
Miscellaneous
How to Learn...The Precepts of Rafael Mendez on "How to Learn.." - and this includes learning a foreign language.
Accolades for usSome of the many accolades and thanks by email and blog spots about Manisa Turkish, together with comments about us from other websites.
Zaman on SundayAn article about the Manisa Turkish website and its author - October 2007 (in Turkish)
Regional Dialects in TurkeyA copy of a thesis written some years ago about Regional dialects in Turkey - taken from the WEB for the interest of Learners of Turkish. (24 Pages of A4 sheets)
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